Enum Either

pub enum Either<L, R> {
    Left(L),
    Right(R),
}

The enum Either with variants Left and Right is a general purpose sum type with two cases.

The Either type is symmetric and treats its variants the same way, without preference. (For representing success or error, use the regular Result enum instead.)

Variants

Left(L)

A value of type L.

Right(R)

A value of type R.

Implementations

impl<L, R> Either<L, R>

pub fn is_left(&self) -> bool

Return true if the value is the Left variant.

use either::*;

let values = [Left(1), Right("the right value")];
assert_eq!(values[0].is_left(), true);
assert_eq!(values[1].is_left(), false);

pub fn is_right(&self) -> bool

Return true if the value is the Right variant.

use either::*;

let values = [Left(1), Right("the right value")];
assert_eq!(values[0].is_right(), false);
assert_eq!(values[1].is_right(), true);

pub fn left(self) -> Option<L>

Convert the left side of Either<L, R> to an Option<L>.

use either::*;

let left: Either<_, ()> = Left("some value");
assert_eq!(left.left(),  Some("some value"));

let right: Either<(), _> = Right(321);
assert_eq!(right.left(), None);

pub fn right(self) -> Option<R>

Convert the right side of Either<L, R> to an Option<R>.

use either::*;

let left: Either<_, ()> = Left("some value");
assert_eq!(left.right(),  None);

let right: Either<(), _> = Right(321);
assert_eq!(right.right(), Some(321));

pub fn as_ref(&self) -> Either<&L, &R>

Convert &Either<L, R> to Either<&L, &R>.

use either::*;

let left: Either<_, ()> = Left("some value");
assert_eq!(left.as_ref(), Left(&"some value"));

let right: Either<(), _> = Right("some value");
assert_eq!(right.as_ref(), Right(&"some value"));

pub fn as_mut(&mut self) -> Either<&mut L, &mut R>

Convert &mut Either<L, R> to Either<&mut L, &mut R>.

use either::*;

fn mutate_left(value: &mut Either<u32, u32>) {
    if let Some(l) = value.as_mut().left() {
        *l = 999;
    }
}

let mut left = Left(123);
let mut right = Right(123);
mutate_left(&mut left);
mutate_left(&mut right);
assert_eq!(left, Left(999));
assert_eq!(right, Right(123));

pub fn as_pin_ref(self: Pin<&Either<L, R>>) -> Either<Pin<&L>, Pin<&R>>

Convert Pin<&Either<L, R>> to Either<Pin<&L>, Pin<&R>>, pinned projections of the inner variants.

pub fn as_pin_mut( self: Pin<&mut Either<L, R>>, ) -> Either<Pin<&mut L>, Pin<&mut R>>

Convert Pin<&mut Either<L, R>> to Either<Pin<&mut L>, Pin<&mut R>>, pinned projections of the inner variants.

pub fn flip(self) -> Either<R, L>

Convert Either<L, R> to Either<R, L>.

use either::*;

let left: Either<_, ()> = Left(123);
assert_eq!(left.flip(), Right(123));

let right: Either<(), _> = Right("some value");
assert_eq!(right.flip(), Left("some value"));

pub fn map_left<F, M>(self, f: F) -> Either<M, R>

where F: FnOnce(L) -> M,

Apply the function f on the value in the Left variant if it is present rewrapping the result in Left.

use either::*;

let left: Either<_, u32> = Left(123);
assert_eq!(left.map_left(|x| x * 2), Left(246));

let right: Either<u32, _> = Right(123);
assert_eq!(right.map_left(|x| x * 2), Right(123));

pub fn map_right<F, S>(self, f: F) -> Either<L, S>

where F: FnOnce(R) -> S,

Apply the function f on the value in the Right variant if it is present rewrapping the result in Right.

use either::*;

let left: Either<_, u32> = Left(123);
assert_eq!(left.map_right(|x| x * 2), Left(123));

let right: Either<u32, _> = Right(123);
assert_eq!(right.map_right(|x| x * 2), Right(246));

pub fn map_either<F, G, M, S>(self, f: F, g: G) -> Either<M, S>

where F: FnOnce(L) -> M, G: FnOnce(R) -> S,

Apply the functions f and g to the Left and Right variants respectively. This is equivalent to bimap in functional programming.

use either::*;

let f = |s: String| s.len();
let g = |u: u8| u.to_string();

let left: Either<String, u8> = Left("loopy".into());
assert_eq!(left.map_either(f, g), Left(5));

let right: Either<String, u8> = Right(42);
assert_eq!(right.map_either(f, g), Right("42".into()));

pub fn map_either_with<Ctx, F, G, M, S>( self, ctx: Ctx, f: F, g: G, ) -> Either<M, S>

where F: FnOnce(Ctx, L) -> M, G: FnOnce(Ctx, R) -> S,

Similar to map_either, with an added context ctx accessible to both functions.

use either::*;

let mut sum = 0;

// Both closures want to update the same value, so pass it as context.
let mut f = |sum: &mut usize, s: String| { *sum += s.len(); s.to_uppercase() };
let mut g = |sum: &mut usize, u: usize| { *sum += u; u.to_string() };

let left: Either<String, usize> = Left("loopy".into());
assert_eq!(left.map_either_with(&mut sum, &mut f, &mut g), Left("LOOPY".into()));

let right: Either<String, usize> = Right(42);
assert_eq!(right.map_either_with(&mut sum, &mut f, &mut g), Right("42".into()));

assert_eq!(sum, 47);

pub fn either<F, G, T>(self, f: F, g: G) -> T

where F: FnOnce(L) -> T, G: FnOnce(R) -> T,

Apply one of two functions depending on contents, unifying their result. If the value is Left(L) then the first function f is applied; if it is Right(R) then the second function g is applied.

use either::*;

fn square(n: u32) -> i32 { (n * n) as i32 }
fn negate(n: i32) -> i32 { -n }

let left: Either<u32, i32> = Left(4);
assert_eq!(left.either(square, negate), 16);

let right: Either<u32, i32> = Right(-4);
assert_eq!(right.either(square, negate), 4);

pub fn either_with<Ctx, F, G, T>(self, ctx: Ctx, f: F, g: G) -> T

where F: FnOnce(Ctx, L) -> T, G: FnOnce(Ctx, R) -> T,

Like either, but provide some context to whichever of the functions ends up being called.

// In this example, the context is a mutable reference
use either::*;

let mut result = Vec::new();

let values = vec![Left(2), Right(2.7)];

for value in values {
    value.either_with(&mut result,
                      |ctx, integer| ctx.push(integer),
                      |ctx, real| ctx.push(f64::round(real) as i32));
}

assert_eq!(result, vec![2, 3]);

pub fn left_and_then<F, S>(self, f: F) -> Either<S, R>

where F: FnOnce(L) -> Either<S, R>,

Apply the function f on the value in the Left variant if it is present.

use either::*;

let left: Either<_, u32> = Left(123);
assert_eq!(left.left_and_then::<_,()>(|x| Right(x * 2)), Right(246));

let right: Either<u32, _> = Right(123);
assert_eq!(right.left_and_then(|x| Right::<(), _>(x * 2)), Right(123));

pub fn right_and_then<F, S>(self, f: F) -> Either<L, S>

where F: FnOnce(R) -> Either<L, S>,

Apply the function f on the value in the Right variant if it is present.

use either::*;

let left: Either<_, u32> = Left(123);
assert_eq!(left.right_and_then(|x| Right(x * 2)), Left(123));

let right: Either<u32, _> = Right(123);
assert_eq!(right.right_and_then(|x| Right(x * 2)), Right(246));

pub fn into_iter( self, ) -> Either<<L as IntoIterator>::IntoIter, <R as IntoIterator>::IntoIter>

where L: IntoIterator, R: IntoIterator<Item = <L as IntoIterator>::Item>,

Convert the inner value to an iterator.

This requires the Left and Right iterators to have the same item type. See factor_into_iter to iterate different types.

use either::*;

let left: Either<_, Vec<u32>> = Left(vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
let mut right: Either<Vec<u32>, _> = Right(vec![]);
right.extend(left.into_iter());
assert_eq!(right, Right(vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5]));

pub fn iter( &self, ) -> Either<<&L as IntoIterator>::IntoIter, <&R as IntoIterator>::IntoIter>

where &'a L: for<'a> IntoIterator, &'a R: for<'a> IntoIterator<Item = <&'a L as IntoIterator>::Item>,

Borrow the inner value as an iterator.

This requires the Left and Right iterators to have the same item type. See factor_iter to iterate different types.

use either::*;

let left: Either<_, &[u32]> = Left(vec![2, 3]);
let mut right: Either<Vec<u32>, _> = Right(&[4, 5][..]);
let mut all = vec![1];
all.extend(left.iter());
all.extend(right.iter());
assert_eq!(all, vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

pub fn iter_mut( &mut self, ) -> Either<<&mut L as IntoIterator>::IntoIter, <&mut R as IntoIterator>::IntoIter>

where &'a mut L: for<'a> IntoIterator, &'a mut R: for<'a> IntoIterator<Item = <&'a mut L as IntoIterator>::Item>,

Mutably borrow the inner value as an iterator.

This requires the Left and Right iterators to have the same item type. See factor_iter_mut to iterate different types.

use either::*;

let mut left: Either<_, &mut [u32]> = Left(vec![2, 3]);
for l in left.iter_mut() {
    *l *= *l
}
assert_eq!(left, Left(vec![4, 9]));

let mut inner = [4, 5];
let mut right: Either<Vec<u32>, _> = Right(&mut inner[..]);
for r in right.iter_mut() {
    *r *= *r
}
assert_eq!(inner, [16, 25]);

pub fn factor_into_iter( self, ) -> IterEither<<L as IntoIterator>::IntoIter, <R as IntoIterator>::IntoIter>

where L: IntoIterator, R: IntoIterator,

Converts an Either of Iterators to be an Iterator of Eithers

Unlike into_iter, this does not require the Left and Right iterators to have the same item type.

use either::*;
let left: Either<_, Vec<u8>> = Left(&["hello"]);
assert_eq!(left.factor_into_iter().next(), Some(Left(&"hello")));
let right: Either<&[&str], _> = Right(vec![0, 1]);
assert_eq!(right.factor_into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(), vec![Right(0), Right(1)]);

pub fn factor_iter( &self, ) -> IterEither<<&L as IntoIterator>::IntoIter, <&R as IntoIterator>::IntoIter>

where &'a L: for<'a> IntoIterator, &'a R: for<'a> IntoIterator,

Borrows an Either of Iterators to be an Iterator of Eithers

Unlike iter, this does not require the Left and Right iterators to have the same item type.

use either::*;
let left: Either<_, Vec<u8>> = Left(["hello"]);
assert_eq!(left.factor_iter().next(), Some(Left(&"hello")));
let right: Either<[&str; 2], _> = Right(vec![0, 1]);
assert_eq!(right.factor_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(), vec![Right(&0), Right(&1)]);

pub fn factor_iter_mut( &mut self, ) -> IterEither<<&mut L as IntoIterator>::IntoIter, <&mut R as IntoIterator>::IntoIter>

where &'a mut L: for<'a> IntoIterator, &'a mut R: for<'a> IntoIterator,

Mutably borrows an Either of Iterators to be an Iterator of Eithers

Unlike iter_mut, this does not require the Left and Right iterators to have the same item type.

use either::*;
let mut left: Either<_, Vec<u8>> = Left(["hello"]);
left.factor_iter_mut().for_each(|x| *x.unwrap_left() = "goodbye");
assert_eq!(left, Left(["goodbye"]));
let mut right: Either<[&str; 2], _> = Right(vec![0, 1, 2]);
right.factor_iter_mut().for_each(|x| if let Right(r) = x { *r = -*r; });
assert_eq!(right, Right(vec![0, -1, -2]));

pub fn left_or(self, other: L) -> L

Return left value or given value

Arguments passed to left_or are eagerly evaluated; if you are passing the result of a function call, it is recommended to use left_or_else, which is lazily evaluated.

Examples

let left: Either<&str, &str> = Left("left");
assert_eq!(left.left_or("foo"), "left");

let right: Either<&str, &str> = Right("right");
assert_eq!(right.left_or("left"), "left");

pub fn left_or_default(self) -> L

where L: Default,

Return left or a default

Examples

let left: Either<String, u32> = Left("left".to_string());
assert_eq!(left.left_or_default(), "left");

let right: Either<String, u32> = Right(42);
assert_eq!(right.left_or_default(), String::default());

pub fn left_or_else<F>(self, f: F) -> L

where F: FnOnce(R) -> L,

Returns left value or computes it from a closure

Examples

let left: Either<String, u32> = Left("3".to_string());
assert_eq!(left.left_or_else(|_| unreachable!()), "3");

let right: Either<String, u32> = Right(3);
assert_eq!(right.left_or_else(|x| x.to_string()), "3");

pub fn right_or(self, other: R) -> R

Return right value or given value

Arguments passed to right_or are eagerly evaluated; if you are passing the result of a function call, it is recommended to use right_or_else, which is lazily evaluated.

Examples

let right: Either<&str, &str> = Right("right");
assert_eq!(right.right_or("foo"), "right");

let left: Either<&str, &str> = Left("left");
assert_eq!(left.right_or("right"), "right");

pub fn right_or_default(self) -> R

where R: Default,

Return right or a default

Examples

let left: Either<String, u32> = Left("left".to_string());
assert_eq!(left.right_or_default(), u32::default());

let right: Either<String, u32> = Right(42);
assert_eq!(right.right_or_default(), 42);

pub fn right_or_else<F>(self, f: F) -> R

where F: FnOnce(L) -> R,

Returns right value or computes it from a closure

Examples

let left: Either<String, u32> = Left("3".to_string());
assert_eq!(left.right_or_else(|x| x.parse().unwrap()), 3);

let right: Either<String, u32> = Right(3);
assert_eq!(right.right_or_else(|_| unreachable!()), 3);

pub fn unwrap_left(self) -> L

where R: Debug,

Returns the left value

Examples

let left: Either<_, ()> = Left(3);
assert_eq!(left.unwrap_left(), 3);

Panics

When Either is a Right value

let right: Either<(), _> = Right(3);
right.unwrap_left();

pub fn unwrap_right(self) -> R

where L: Debug,

Returns the right value

Examples

let right: Either<(), _> = Right(3);
assert_eq!(right.unwrap_right(), 3);

Panics

When Either is a Left value

let left: Either<_, ()> = Left(3);
left.unwrap_right();

pub fn expect_left(self, msg: &str) -> L

where R: Debug,

Returns the left value

Examples

let left: Either<_, ()> = Left(3);
assert_eq!(left.expect_left("value was Right"), 3);

Panics

When Either is a Right value

let right: Either<(), _> = Right(3);
right.expect_left("value was Right");

pub fn expect_right(self, msg: &str) -> R

where L: Debug,

Returns the right value

Examples

let right: Either<(), _> = Right(3);
assert_eq!(right.expect_right("value was Left"), 3);

Panics

When Either is a Left value

let left: Either<_, ()> = Left(3);
left.expect_right("value was Right");

pub fn either_into<T>(self) -> T

where L: Into<T>, R: Into<T>,

Convert the contained value into T

Examples

// Both u16 and u32 can be converted to u64.
let left: Either<u16, u32> = Left(3u16);
assert_eq!(left.either_into::<u64>(), 3u64);
let right: Either<u16, u32> = Right(7u32);
assert_eq!(right.either_into::<u64>(), 7u64);

impl<L, R> Either<Option<L>, Option<R>>

pub fn factor_none(self) -> Option<Either<L, R>>

Factors out None from an Either of Option.

use either::*;
let left: Either<_, Option<String>> = Left(Some(vec![0]));
assert_eq!(left.factor_none(), Some(Left(vec![0])));

let right: Either<Option<Vec<u8>>, _> = Right(Some(String::new()));
assert_eq!(right.factor_none(), Some(Right(String::new())));

impl<L, R, E> Either<Result<L, E>, Result<R, E>>

pub fn factor_err(self) -> Result<Either<L, R>, E>

Factors out a homogenous type from an Either of Result.

Here, the homogeneous type is the Err type of the Result.

use either::*;
let left: Either<_, Result<String, u32>> = Left(Ok(vec![0]));
assert_eq!(left.factor_err(), Ok(Left(vec![0])));

let right: Either<Result<Vec<u8>, u32>, _> = Right(Ok(String::new()));
assert_eq!(right.factor_err(), Ok(Right(String::new())));

impl<T, L, R> Either<Result<T, L>, Result<T, R>>

pub fn factor_ok(self) -> Result<T, Either<L, R>>

Factors out a homogenous type from an Either of Result.

Here, the homogeneous type is the Ok type of the Result.

use either::*;
let left: Either<_, Result<u32, String>> = Left(Err(vec![0]));
assert_eq!(left.factor_ok(), Err(Left(vec![0])));

let right: Either<Result<u32, Vec<u8>>, _> = Right(Err(String::new()));
assert_eq!(right.factor_ok(), Err(Right(String::new())));

impl<T, L, R> Either<(T, L), (T, R)>

pub fn factor_first(self) -> (T, Either<L, R>)

Factor out a homogeneous type from an either of pairs.

Here, the homogeneous type is the first element of the pairs.

use either::*;
let left: Either<_, (u32, String)> = Left((123, vec![0]));
assert_eq!(left.factor_first().0, 123);

let right: Either<(u32, Vec<u8>), _> = Right((123, String::new()));
assert_eq!(right.factor_first().0, 123);

impl<T, L, R> Either<(L, T), (R, T)>

pub fn factor_second(self) -> (Either<L, R>, T)

Factor out a homogeneous type from an either of pairs.

Here, the homogeneous type is the second element of the pairs.

use either::*;
let left: Either<_, (String, u32)> = Left((vec![0], 123));
assert_eq!(left.factor_second().1, 123);

let right: Either<(Vec<u8>, u32), _> = Right((String::new(), 123));
assert_eq!(right.factor_second().1, 123);

impl<T> Either<T, T>

pub fn into_inner(self) -> T

Extract the value of an either over two equivalent types.

use either::*;

let left: Either<_, u32> = Left(123);
assert_eq!(left.into_inner(), 123);

let right: Either<u32, _> = Right(123);
assert_eq!(right.into_inner(), 123);

pub fn map<F, M>(self, f: F) -> Either<M, M>

where F: FnOnce(T) -> M,

Map f over the contained value and return the result in the corresponding variant.

use either::*;

let value: Either<_, i32> = Right(42);

let other = value.map(|x| x * 2);
assert_eq!(other, Right(84));

impl<L, R> Either<&L, &R>

pub fn cloned(self) -> Either<L, R>

where L: Clone, R: Clone,

Maps an Either<&L, &R> to an Either<L, R> by cloning the contents of either branch.

pub fn copied(self) -> Either<L, R>

where L: Copy, R: Copy,

Maps an Either<&L, &R> to an Either<L, R> by copying the contents of either branch.

impl<L, R> Either<&mut L, &mut R>

pub fn cloned(self) -> Either<L, R>

where L: Clone, R: Clone,

Maps an Either<&mut L, &mut R> to an Either<L, R> by cloning the contents of either branch.

pub fn copied(self) -> Either<L, R>

where L: Copy, R: Copy,

Maps an Either<&mut L, &mut R> to an Either<L, R> by copying the contents of either branch.

Trait Implementations

impl<L, R, Target> AsMut<[Target]> for Either<L, R>

where L: AsMut<[Target]>, R: AsMut<[Target]>,

fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [Target]

Converts this type into a mutable reference of the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<L, R> AsMut<CStr> for Either<L, R>

where L: AsMut<CStr>, R: AsMut<CStr>,

Requires crate feature use_std.

fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut CStr

Converts this type into a mutable reference of the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<L, R> AsMut<OsStr> for Either<L, R>

where L: AsMut<OsStr>, R: AsMut<OsStr>,

Requires crate feature use_std.

fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut OsStr

Converts this type into a mutable reference of the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<L, R> AsMut<Path> for Either<L, R>

where L: AsMut<Path>, R: AsMut<Path>,

Requires crate feature use_std.

fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Path

Converts this type into a mutable reference of the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<L, R, Target> AsMut<Target> for Either<L, R>

where L: AsMut<Target>, R: AsMut<Target>,

fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Target

Converts this type into a mutable reference of the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<L, R> AsMut<str> for Either<L, R>

where L: AsMut<str>, R: AsMut<str>,

fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut str

Converts this type into a mutable reference of the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<L, R, Target> AsRef<[Target]> for Either<L, R>

where L: AsRef<[Target]>, R: AsRef<[Target]>,

fn as_ref(&self) -> &[Target]

Converts this type into a shared reference of the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<L, R> AsRef<CStr> for Either<L, R>

where L: AsRef<CStr>, R: AsRef<CStr>,

Requires crate feature use_std.

fn as_ref(&self) -> &CStr

Converts this type into a shared reference of the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<L, R> AsRef<OsStr> for Either<L, R>

where L: AsRef<OsStr>, R: AsRef<OsStr>,

Requires crate feature use_std.

fn as_ref(&self) -> &OsStr

Converts this type into a shared reference of the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<L, R> AsRef<Path> for Either<L, R>

where L: AsRef<Path>, R: AsRef<Path>,

Requires crate feature use_std.

fn as_ref(&self) -> &Path

Converts this type into a shared reference of the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<L, R, Target> AsRef<Target> for Either<L, R>

where L: AsRef<Target>, R: AsRef<Target>,

fn as_ref(&self) -> &Target

Converts this type into a shared reference of the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<L, R> AsRef<str> for Either<L, R>

where L: AsRef<str>, R: AsRef<str>,

fn as_ref(&self) -> &str

Converts this type into a shared reference of the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<L, R> BufRead for Either<L, R>

where L: BufRead, R: BufRead,

Requires crate feature "use_std"

fn fill_buf(&mut self) -> Result<&[u8], Error>

Returns the contents of the internal buffer, filling it with more data from the inner reader if it is empty.

fn consume(&mut self, amt: usize)

Tells this buffer that amt bytes have been consumed from the buffer, so they should no longer be returned in calls to read.

fn read_until(&mut self, byte: u8, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<usize, Error>

Reads all bytes into buf until the delimiter byte or EOF is reached.

fn read_line(&mut self, buf: &mut String) -> Result<usize, Error>

Reads all bytes until a newline (the 0xA byte) is reached, and append them to the provided String buffer.

fn has_data_left(&mut self) -> Result<bool, Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (buf_read_has_data_left)

Checks if the underlying Read has any data left to be read.

fn skip_until(&mut self, byte: u8) -> Result<usize, Error>

Skips all bytes until the delimiter byte or EOF is reached.

fn split(self, byte: u8) -> Split<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Returns an iterator over the contents of this reader split on the byte byte.

fn lines(self) -> Lines<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Returns an iterator over the lines of this reader.

impl<L, R> Clone for Either<L, R>

where L: Clone, R: Clone,

fn clone(&self) -> Either<L, R>

Returns a copy of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Either<L, R>)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl<L, R> Debug for Either<L, R>

where L: Debug, R: Debug,

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<L, R> Deref for Either<L, R>

where L: Deref, R: Deref<Target = <L as Deref>::Target>,

type Target = <L as Deref>::Target

The resulting type after dereferencing.

fn deref(&self) -> &<Either<L, R> as Deref>::Target

Dereferences the value.

impl<L, R> DerefMut for Either<L, R>

where L: DerefMut, R: DerefMut<Target = <L as Deref>::Target>,

fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut <Either<L, R> as Deref>::Target

Mutably dereferences the value.

impl<L, R> Display for Either<L, R>

where L: Display, R: Display,

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<L, R> DoubleEndedIterator for Either<L, R>

where L: DoubleEndedIterator, R: DoubleEndedIterator<Item = <L as Iterator>::Item>,

fn next_back(&mut self) -> Option<<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item>

Removes and returns an element from the end of the iterator.

fn nth_back(&mut self, n: usize) -> Option<<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item>

Returns the nth element from the end of the iterator.

fn rfold<Acc, G>(self, init: Acc, f: G) -> Acc

where G: FnMut(Acc, <Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item) -> Acc,

An iterator method that reduces the iterator’s elements to a single, final value, starting from the back.

fn rfind<P>(&mut self, predicate: P) -> Option<<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item>

where P: FnMut(&<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item) -> bool,

Searches for an element of an iterator from the back that satisfies a predicate.

fn advance_back_by(&mut self, n: usize) -> Result<(), NonZero<usize>>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_advance_by)

Advances the iterator from the back by n elements.

fn try_rfold<B, F, R>(&mut self, init: B, f: F) -> R

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> R, R: Try<Output = B>,

This is the reverse version of Iterator::try_fold(): it takes elements starting from the back of the iterator.

impl<L, R> Error for Either<L, R>

where L: Error, R: Error,

Either implements Error if both L and R implement it.

Requires crate feature "use_std"

fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)>

Returns the lower-level source of this error, if any.

fn description(&self) -> &str

👎Deprecated since 1.42.0: use the Display impl or to_string()

fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error>

👎Deprecated since 1.33.0: replaced by Error::source, which can support downcasting

fn provide<'a>(&'a self, request: &mut Request<'a>)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (error_generic_member_access)

Provides type-based access to context intended for error reports.

impl<L, R> ExactSizeIterator for Either<L, R>

where L: ExactSizeIterator, R: ExactSizeIterator<Item = <L as Iterator>::Item>,

fn len(&self) -> usize

Returns the exact remaining length of the iterator.

fn is_empty(&self) -> bool

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (exact_size_is_empty)

Returns true if the iterator is empty.

impl<L, R, A> Extend<A> for Either<L, R>

where L: Extend<A>, R: Extend<A>,

fn extend<T>(&mut self, iter: T)

where T: IntoIterator<Item = A>,

Extends a collection with the contents of an iterator.

fn extend_one(&mut self, item: A)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one)

Extends a collection with exactly one element.

fn extend_reserve(&mut self, additional: usize)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one)

Reserves capacity in a collection for the given number of additional elements.

impl<L, R> From<Result<R, L>> for Either<L, R>

Convert from Result to Either with Ok => Right and Err => Left.

fn from(r: Result<R, L>) -> Either<L, R>

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl<L, R> Future for Either<L, R>

where L: Future, R: Future<Output = <L as Future>::Output>,

Either<L, R> is a future if both L and R are futures.

type Output = <L as Future>::Output

The type of value produced on completion.

fn poll( self: Pin<&mut Either<L, R>>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, ) -> Poll<<Either<L, R> as Future>::Output>

Attempts to resolve the future to a final value, registering the current task for wakeup if the value is not yet available.

impl<L, R> Hash for Either<L, R>

where L: Hash, R: Hash,

fn hash<__H>(&self, state: &mut __H)

where __H: Hasher,

Feeds this value into the given Hasher.

fn hash_slice<H>(data: &[Self], state: &mut H)

where H: Hasher, Self: Sized,

Feeds a slice of this type into the given Hasher.

impl<L, R> IndexedParallelIterator for Either<L, R>

where L: IndexedParallelIterator, R: IndexedParallelIterator<Item = <L as ParallelIterator>::Item>,

fn drive<C>( self, consumer: C, ) -> <C as Consumer<<Either<L, R> as ParallelIterator>::Item>>::Result

where C: Consumer<<Either<L, R> as ParallelIterator>::Item>,

Internal method used to define the behavior of this parallel iterator. You should not need to call this directly.

fn len(&self) -> usize

Produces an exact count of how many items this iterator will produce, presuming no panic occurs.

fn with_producer<CB>( self, callback: CB, ) -> <CB as ProducerCallback<<Either<L, R> as ParallelIterator>::Item>>::Output

where CB: ProducerCallback<<Either<L, R> as ParallelIterator>::Item>,

Internal method used to define the behavior of this parallel iterator. You should not need to call this directly.

fn by_exponential_blocks(self) -> ExponentialBlocks<Self>

Divides an iterator into sequential blocks of exponentially-increasing size.

fn by_uniform_blocks(self, block_size: usize) -> UniformBlocks<Self>

Divides an iterator into sequential blocks of the given size.

fn collect_into_vec(self, target: &mut Vec<Self::Item>)

Collects the results of the iterator into the specified vector. The vector is always cleared before execution begins. If possible, reusing the vector across calls can lead to better performance since it reuses the same backing buffer.

fn unzip_into_vecs<A, B>(self, left: &mut Vec<A>, right: &mut Vec<B>)

where Self: IndexedParallelIterator<Item = (A, B)>, A: Send, B: Send,

Unzips the results of the iterator into the specified vectors. The vectors are always cleared before execution begins. If possible, reusing the vectors across calls can lead to better performance since they reuse the same backing buffer.

fn zip<Z>(self, zip_op: Z) -> Zip<Self, <Z as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter>

where Z: IntoParallelIterator, <Z as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter: IndexedParallelIterator,

Iterates over tuples (A, B), where the items A are from this iterator and B are from the iterator given as argument. Like the zip method on ordinary iterators, if the two iterators are of unequal length, you only get the items they have in common.

fn zip_eq<Z>(self, zip_op: Z) -> ZipEq<Self, <Z as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter>

where Z: IntoParallelIterator, <Z as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter: IndexedParallelIterator,

The same as Zip, but requires that both iterators have the same length.

fn interleave<I>( self, other: I, ) -> Interleave<Self, <I as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter>

where I: IntoParallelIterator<Item = Self::Item>, <I as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter: IndexedParallelIterator<Item = Self::Item>,

Interleaves elements of this iterator and the other given iterator. Alternately yields elements from this iterator and the given iterator, until both are exhausted. If one iterator is exhausted before the other, the last elements are provided from the other.

fn interleave_shortest<I>( self, other: I, ) -> InterleaveShortest<Self, <I as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter>

where I: IntoParallelIterator<Item = Self::Item>, <I as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter: IndexedParallelIterator<Item = Self::Item>,

Interleaves elements of this iterator and the other given iterator, until one is exhausted.

fn chunks(self, chunk_size: usize) -> Chunks<Self>

Splits an iterator up into fixed-size chunks.

fn fold_chunks<T, ID, F>( self, chunk_size: usize, identity: ID, fold_op: F, ) -> FoldChunks<Self, ID, F>

where ID: Fn() -> T + Send + Sync, F: Fn(T, Self::Item) -> T + Send + Sync, T: Send,

Splits an iterator into fixed-size chunks, performing a sequential fold() on each chunk.

fn fold_chunks_with<T, F>( self, chunk_size: usize, init: T, fold_op: F, ) -> FoldChunksWith<Self, T, F>

where T: Send + Clone, F: Fn(T, Self::Item) -> T + Send + Sync,

Splits an iterator into fixed-size chunks, performing a sequential fold() on each chunk.

fn partial_cmp<I>(self, other: I) -> Option<Ordering>

where I: IntoParallelIterator, <I as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter: IndexedParallelIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoParallelIterator>::Item>,

Lexicographically compares the elements of this ParallelIterator with those of another.

fn eq<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoParallelIterator, <I as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter: IndexedParallelIterator, Self::Item: PartialEq<<I as IntoParallelIterator>::Item>,

Determines if the elements of this ParallelIterator are equal to those of another

fn ne<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoParallelIterator, <I as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter: IndexedParallelIterator, Self::Item: PartialEq<<I as IntoParallelIterator>::Item>,

Determines if the elements of this ParallelIterator are unequal to those of another

fn lt<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoParallelIterator, <I as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter: IndexedParallelIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoParallelIterator>::Item>,

Determines if the elements of this ParallelIterator are lexicographically less than those of another.

fn le<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoParallelIterator, <I as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter: IndexedParallelIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoParallelIterator>::Item>,

Determines if the elements of this ParallelIterator are less or equal to those of another.

fn gt<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoParallelIterator, <I as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter: IndexedParallelIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoParallelIterator>::Item>,

Determines if the elements of this ParallelIterator are lexicographically greater than those of another.

fn ge<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoParallelIterator, <I as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter: IndexedParallelIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoParallelIterator>::Item>,

Determines if the elements of this ParallelIterator are less or equal to those of another.

fn enumerate(self) -> Enumerate<Self>

Yields an index along with each item.

fn step_by(self, step: usize) -> StepBy<Self>

Creates an iterator that steps by the given amount

fn skip(self, n: usize) -> Skip<Self>

Creates an iterator that skips the first n elements.

fn take(self, n: usize) -> Take<Self>

Creates an iterator that yields the first n elements.

fn position_any<P>(self, predicate: P) -> Option<usize>

where P: Fn(Self::Item) -> bool + Sync + Send,

Searches for some item in the parallel iterator that matches the given predicate, and returns its index. Like ParallelIterator::find_any, the parallel search will not necessarily find the first match, and once a match is found we’ll attempt to stop processing any more.

fn position_first<P>(self, predicate: P) -> Option<usize>

where P: Fn(Self::Item) -> bool + Sync + Send,

Searches for the sequentially first item in the parallel iterator that matches the given predicate, and returns its index.

fn position_last<P>(self, predicate: P) -> Option<usize>

where P: Fn(Self::Item) -> bool + Sync + Send,

Searches for the sequentially last item in the parallel iterator that matches the given predicate, and returns its index.

fn positions<P>(self, predicate: P) -> Positions<Self, P>

where P: Fn(Self::Item) -> bool + Sync + Send,

Searches for items in the parallel iterator that match the given predicate, and returns their indices.

fn rev(self) -> Rev<Self>

Produces a new iterator with the elements of this iterator in reverse order.

fn with_min_len(self, min: usize) -> MinLen<Self>

Sets the minimum length of iterators desired to process in each rayon job. Rayon will not split any smaller than this length, but of course an iterator could already be smaller to begin with.

fn with_max_len(self, max: usize) -> MaxLen<Self>

Sets the maximum length of iterators desired to process in each rayon job. Rayon will try to split at least below this length, unless that would put it below the length from with_min_len(). For example, given min=10 and max=15, a length of 16 will not be split any further.

impl<L, R> Into<Result<R, L>> for Either<L, R>

Convert from Either to Result with Right => Ok and Left => Err.

fn into(self) -> Result<R, L>

Converts this type into the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<L, R> Iterator for Either<L, R>

where L: Iterator, R: Iterator<Item = <L as Iterator>::Item>,

Either<L, R> is an iterator if both L and R are iterators.

type Item = <L as Iterator>::Item

The type of the elements being iterated over.

fn next(&mut self) -> Option<<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item>

Advances the iterator and returns the next value.

fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>)

Returns the bounds on the remaining length of the iterator.

fn fold<Acc, G>(self, init: Acc, f: G) -> Acc

where G: FnMut(Acc, <Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item) -> Acc,

Folds every element into an accumulator by applying an operation, returning the final result.

fn for_each<F>(self, f: F)

where F: FnMut(<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item),

Calls a closure on each element of an iterator.

fn count(self) -> usize

Consumes the iterator, counting the number of iterations and returning it.

fn last(self) -> Option<<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item>

Consumes the iterator, returning the last element.

fn nth(&mut self, n: usize) -> Option<<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item>

Returns the nth element of the iterator.

fn collect<B>(self) -> B

where B: FromIterator<<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item>,

Transforms an iterator into a collection.

fn partition<B, F>(self, f: F) -> (B, B)

where B: Default + Extend<<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item>, F: FnMut(&<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item) -> bool,

Consumes an iterator, creating two collections from it.

fn all<F>(&mut self, f: F) -> bool

where F: FnMut(<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item) -> bool,

Tests if every element of the iterator matches a predicate.

fn any<F>(&mut self, f: F) -> bool

where F: FnMut(<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item) -> bool,

Tests if any element of the iterator matches a predicate.

fn find<P>(&mut self, predicate: P) -> Option<<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item>

where P: FnMut(&<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item) -> bool,

Searches for an element of an iterator that satisfies a predicate.

fn find_map<B, F>(&mut self, f: F) -> Option<B>

where F: FnMut(<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item) -> Option<B>,

Applies function to the elements of iterator and returns the first non-none result.

fn position<P>(&mut self, predicate: P) -> Option<usize>

where P: FnMut(<Either<L, R> as Iterator>::Item) -> bool,

Searches for an element in an iterator, returning its index.

fn next_chunk<const N: usize>( &mut self, ) -> Result<[Self::Item; N], IntoIter<Self::Item, N>>

where Self: Sized,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_next_chunk)

Advances the iterator and returns an array containing the next N values.

fn advance_by(&mut self, n: usize) -> Result<(), NonZero<usize>>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_advance_by)

Advances the iterator by n elements.

fn step_by(self, step: usize) -> StepBy<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an iterator starting at the same point, but stepping by the given amount at each iteration.

fn chain<U>(self, other: U) -> Chain<Self, <U as IntoIterator>::IntoIter>

where Self: Sized, U: IntoIterator<Item = Self::Item>,

Takes two iterators and creates a new iterator over both in sequence.

fn zip<U>(self, other: U) -> Zip<Self, <U as IntoIterator>::IntoIter>

where Self: Sized, U: IntoIterator,

‘Zips up’ two iterators into a single iterator of pairs.

fn intersperse_with<G>(self, separator: G) -> IntersperseWith<Self, G>

where Self: Sized, G: FnMut() -> Self::Item,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_intersperse)

Creates a new iterator which places an item generated by separator between adjacent items of the original iterator.

fn map<B, F>(self, f: F) -> Map<Self, F>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item) -> B,

Takes a closure and creates an iterator which calls that closure on each element.

fn filter<P>(self, predicate: P) -> Filter<Self, P>

where Self: Sized, P: FnMut(&Self::Item) -> bool,

Creates an iterator which uses a closure to determine if an element should be yielded.

fn filter_map<B, F>(self, f: F) -> FilterMap<Self, F>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item) -> Option<B>,

Creates an iterator that both filters and maps.

fn enumerate(self) -> Enumerate<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an iterator which gives the current iteration count as well as the next value.

fn peekable(self) -> Peekable<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an iterator which can use the peek and peek_mut methods to look at the next element of the iterator without consuming it. See their documentation for more information.

fn skip_while<P>(self, predicate: P) -> SkipWhile<Self, P>

where Self: Sized, P: FnMut(&Self::Item) -> bool,

Creates an iterator that skips elements based on a predicate.

fn take_while<P>(self, predicate: P) -> TakeWhile<Self, P>

where Self: Sized, P: FnMut(&Self::Item) -> bool,

Creates an iterator that yields elements based on a predicate.

fn map_while<B, P>(self, predicate: P) -> MapWhile<Self, P>

where Self: Sized, P: FnMut(Self::Item) -> Option<B>,

Creates an iterator that both yields elements based on a predicate and maps.

fn skip(self, n: usize) -> Skip<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an iterator that skips the first n elements.

fn take(self, n: usize) -> Take<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an iterator that yields the first n elements, or fewer if the underlying iterator ends sooner.

fn scan<St, B, F>(self, initial_state: St, f: F) -> Scan<Self, St, F>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&mut St, Self::Item) -> Option<B>,

An iterator adapter which, like fold, holds internal state, but unlike fold, produces a new iterator.

fn flat_map<U, F>(self, f: F) -> FlatMap<Self, U, F>

where Self: Sized, U: IntoIterator, F: FnMut(Self::Item) -> U,

Creates an iterator that works like map, but flattens nested structure.

fn map_windows<F, R, const N: usize>(self, f: F) -> MapWindows<Self, F, N>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&[Self::Item; N]) -> R,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_map_windows)

Calls the given function f for each contiguous window of size N over self and returns an iterator over the outputs of f. Like slice::windows(), the windows during mapping overlap as well.

fn fuse(self) -> Fuse<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an iterator which ends after the first None.

fn inspect<F>(self, f: F) -> Inspect<Self, F>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&Self::Item),

Does something with each element of an iterator, passing the value on.

fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self

where Self: Sized,

Borrows an iterator, rather than consuming it.

fn collect_into<E>(self, collection: &mut E) -> &mut E

where E: Extend<Self::Item>, Self: Sized,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_collect_into)

Collects all the items from an iterator into a collection.

fn is_partitioned<P>(self, predicate: P) -> bool

where Self: Sized, P: FnMut(Self::Item) -> bool,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_is_partitioned)

Checks if the elements of this iterator are partitioned according to the given predicate, such that all those that return true precede all those that return false.

fn try_fold<B, F, R>(&mut self, init: B, f: F) -> R

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> R, R: Try<Output = B>,

An iterator method that applies a function as long as it returns successfully, producing a single, final value.

fn try_for_each<F, R>(&mut self, f: F) -> R

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item) -> R, R: Try<Output = ()>,

An iterator method that applies a fallible function to each item in the iterator, stopping at the first error and returning that error.

fn reduce<F>(self, f: F) -> Option<Self::Item>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item, Self::Item) -> Self::Item,

Reduces the elements to a single one, by repeatedly applying a reducing operation.

fn try_reduce<R>( &mut self, f: impl FnMut(Self::Item, Self::Item) -> R, ) -> <<R as Try>::Residual as Residual<Option<<R as Try>::Output>>>::TryType

where Self: Sized, R: Try<Output = Self::Item>, <R as Try>::Residual: Residual<Option<Self::Item>>,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iterator_try_reduce)

Reduces the elements to a single one by repeatedly applying a reducing operation. If the closure returns a failure, the failure is propagated back to the caller immediately.

fn try_find<R>( &mut self, f: impl FnMut(&Self::Item) -> R, ) -> <<R as Try>::Residual as Residual<Option<Self::Item>>>::TryType

where Self: Sized, R: Try<Output = bool>, <R as Try>::Residual: Residual<Option<Self::Item>>,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (try_find)

Applies function to the elements of iterator and returns the first true result or the first error.

fn max_by_key<B, F>(self, f: F) -> Option<Self::Item>

where B: Ord, Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&Self::Item) -> B,

Returns the element that gives the maximum value from the specified function.

fn max_by<F>(self, compare: F) -> Option<Self::Item>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&Self::Item, &Self::Item) -> Ordering,

Returns the element that gives the maximum value with respect to the specified comparison function.

fn min_by_key<B, F>(self, f: F) -> Option<Self::Item>

where B: Ord, Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&Self::Item) -> B,

Returns the element that gives the minimum value from the specified function.

fn min_by<F>(self, compare: F) -> Option<Self::Item>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&Self::Item, &Self::Item) -> Ordering,

Returns the element that gives the minimum value with respect to the specified comparison function.

fn unzip<A, B, FromA, FromB>(self) -> (FromA, FromB)

where FromA: Default + Extend<A>, FromB: Default + Extend<B>, Self: Sized + Iterator<Item = (A, B)>,

Converts an iterator of pairs into a pair of containers.

fn copied<'a, T>(self) -> Copied<Self>

where T: 'a + Copy, Self: Sized + Iterator<Item = &'a T>,

Creates an iterator which copies all of its elements.

fn cloned<'a, T>(self) -> Cloned<Self>

where T: 'a + Clone, Self: Sized + Iterator<Item = &'a T>,

Creates an iterator which clones all of its elements.

fn array_chunks<const N: usize>(self) -> ArrayChunks<Self, N>

where Self: Sized,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_array_chunks)

Returns an iterator over N elements of the iterator at a time.

fn sum<S>(self) -> S

where Self: Sized, S: Sum<Self::Item>,

Sums the elements of an iterator.

fn product<P>(self) -> P

where Self: Sized, P: Product<Self::Item>,

Iterates over the entire iterator, multiplying all the elements

fn cmp_by<I, F>(self, other: I, cmp: F) -> Ordering

where Self: Sized, I: IntoIterator, F: FnMut(Self::Item, <I as IntoIterator>::Item) -> Ordering,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_order_by)

Lexicographically compares the elements of this Iterator with those of another with respect to the specified comparison function.

fn partial_cmp<I>(self, other: I) -> Option<Ordering>

where I: IntoIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoIterator>::Item>, Self: Sized,

Lexicographically compares the PartialOrd elements of this Iterator with those of another. The comparison works like short-circuit evaluation, returning a result without comparing the remaining elements. As soon as an order can be determined, the evaluation stops and a result is returned.

fn partial_cmp_by<I, F>(self, other: I, partial_cmp: F) -> Option<Ordering>

where Self: Sized, I: IntoIterator, F: FnMut(Self::Item, <I as IntoIterator>::Item) -> Option<Ordering>,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_order_by)

Lexicographically compares the elements of this Iterator with those of another with respect to the specified comparison function.

fn eq<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoIterator, Self::Item: PartialEq<<I as IntoIterator>::Item>, Self: Sized,

Determines if the elements of this Iterator are equal to those of another.

fn eq_by<I, F>(self, other: I, eq: F) -> bool

where Self: Sized, I: IntoIterator, F: FnMut(Self::Item, <I as IntoIterator>::Item) -> bool,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_order_by)

Determines if the elements of this Iterator are equal to those of another with respect to the specified equality function.

fn ne<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoIterator, Self::Item: PartialEq<<I as IntoIterator>::Item>, Self: Sized,

Determines if the elements of this Iterator are not equal to those of another.

fn lt<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoIterator>::Item>, Self: Sized,

Determines if the elements of this Iterator are lexicographically less than those of another.

fn le<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoIterator>::Item>, Self: Sized,

Determines if the elements of this Iterator are lexicographically less or equal to those of another.

fn gt<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoIterator>::Item>, Self: Sized,

Determines if the elements of this Iterator are lexicographically greater than those of another.

fn ge<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoIterator>::Item>, Self: Sized,

Determines if the elements of this Iterator are lexicographically greater than or equal to those of another.

fn is_sorted_by<F>(self, compare: F) -> bool

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&Self::Item, &Self::Item) -> bool,

Checks if the elements of this iterator are sorted using the given comparator function.

fn is_sorted_by_key<F, K>(self, f: F) -> bool

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item) -> K, K: PartialOrd,

Checks if the elements of this iterator are sorted using the given key extraction function.

impl<L, R> Ord for Either<L, R>

where L: Ord, R: Ord,

fn cmp(&self, other: &Either<L, R>) -> Ordering

This method returns an Ordering between self and other.

fn max(self, other: Self) -> Self

where Self: Sized,

Compares and returns the maximum of two values.

fn min(self, other: Self) -> Self

where Self: Sized,

Compares and returns the minimum of two values.

fn clamp(self, min: Self, max: Self) -> Self

where Self: Sized,

Restrict a value to a certain interval.

impl<L, R, T> ParallelExtend<T> for Either<L, R>

where L: ParallelExtend<T>, R: ParallelExtend<T>, T: Send,

Either<L, R> can be extended if both L and R are parallel extendable.

fn par_extend<I>(&mut self, par_iter: I)

where I: IntoParallelIterator<Item = T>,

Extends an instance of the collection with the elements drawn from the parallel iterator par_iter.

impl<L, R> ParallelIterator for Either<L, R>

where L: ParallelIterator, R: ParallelIterator<Item = <L as ParallelIterator>::Item>,

Either<L, R> is a parallel iterator if both L and R are parallel iterators.

type Item = <L as ParallelIterator>::Item

The type of item that this parallel iterator produces. For example, if you use the for_each method, this is the type of item that your closure will be invoked with.

fn drive_unindexed<C>( self, consumer: C, ) -> <C as Consumer<<Either<L, R> as ParallelIterator>::Item>>::Result

where C: UnindexedConsumer<<Either<L, R> as ParallelIterator>::Item>,

Internal method used to define the behavior of this parallel iterator. You should not need to call this directly.

fn opt_len(&self) -> Option<usize>

Internal method used to define the behavior of this parallel iterator. You should not need to call this directly.

fn for_each<OP>(self, op: OP)

where OP: Fn(Self::Item) + Sync + Send,

Executes OP on each item produced by the iterator, in parallel.

fn for_each_with<OP, T>(self, init: T, op: OP)

where OP: Fn(&mut T, Self::Item) + Sync + Send, T: Send + Clone,

Executes OP on the given init value with each item produced by the iterator, in parallel.

fn for_each_init<OP, INIT, T>(self, init: INIT, op: OP)

where OP: Fn(&mut T, Self::Item) + Sync + Send, INIT: Fn() -> T + Sync + Send,

Executes OP on a value returned by init with each item produced by the iterator, in parallel.

fn try_for_each<OP, R>(self, op: OP) -> R

where OP: Fn(Self::Item) -> R + Sync + Send, R: Try<Output = ()> + Send,

Executes a fallible OP on each item produced by the iterator, in parallel.

fn try_for_each_with<OP, T, R>(self, init: T, op: OP) -> R

where OP: Fn(&mut T, Self::Item) -> R + Sync + Send, T: Send + Clone, R: Try<Output = ()> + Send,

Executes a fallible OP on the given init value with each item produced by the iterator, in parallel.

fn try_for_each_init<OP, INIT, T, R>(self, init: INIT, op: OP) -> R

where OP: Fn(&mut T, Self::Item) -> R + Sync + Send, INIT: Fn() -> T + Sync + Send, R: Try<Output = ()> + Send,

Executes a fallible OP on a value returned by init with each item produced by the iterator, in parallel.

fn count(self) -> usize

Counts the number of items in this parallel iterator.

fn map<F, R>(self, map_op: F) -> Map<Self, F>

where F: Fn(Self::Item) -> R + Sync + Send, R: Send,

Applies map_op to each item of this iterator, producing a new iterator with the results.

fn map_with<F, T, R>(self, init: T, map_op: F) -> MapWith<Self, T, F>

where F: Fn(&mut T, Self::Item) -> R + Sync + Send, T: Send + Clone, R: Send,

Applies map_op to the given init value with each item of this iterator, producing a new iterator with the results.

fn map_init<F, INIT, T, R>( self, init: INIT, map_op: F, ) -> MapInit<Self, INIT, F>

where F: Fn(&mut T, Self::Item) -> R + Sync + Send, INIT: Fn() -> T + Sync + Send, R: Send,

Applies map_op to a value returned by init with each item of this iterator, producing a new iterator with the results.

fn cloned<'a, T>(self) -> Cloned<Self>

where T: 'a + Clone + Send, Self: ParallelIterator<Item = &'a T>,

Creates an iterator which clones all of its elements. This may be useful when you have an iterator over &T, but you need T, and that type implements Clone. See also copied().

fn copied<'a, T>(self) -> Copied<Self>

where T: 'a + Copy + Send, Self: ParallelIterator<Item = &'a T>,

Creates an iterator which copies all of its elements. This may be useful when you have an iterator over &T, but you need T, and that type implements Copy. See also cloned().

fn inspect<OP>(self, inspect_op: OP) -> Inspect<Self, OP>

where OP: Fn(&Self::Item) + Sync + Send,

Applies inspect_op to a reference to each item of this iterator, producing a new iterator passing through the original items. This is often useful for debugging to see what’s happening in iterator stages.

fn update<F>(self, update_op: F) -> Update<Self, F>

where F: Fn(&mut Self::Item) + Sync + Send,

Mutates each item of this iterator before yielding it.

fn filter<P>(self, filter_op: P) -> Filter<Self, P>

where P: Fn(&Self::Item) -> bool + Sync + Send,

Applies filter_op to each item of this iterator, producing a new iterator with only the items that gave true results.

fn filter_map<P, R>(self, filter_op: P) -> FilterMap<Self, P>

where P: Fn(Self::Item) -> Option<R> + Sync + Send, R: Send,

Applies filter_op to each item of this iterator to get an Option, producing a new iterator with only the items from Some results.

fn flat_map<F, PI>(self, map_op: F) -> FlatMap<Self, F>

where F: Fn(Self::Item) -> PI + Sync + Send, PI: IntoParallelIterator,

Applies map_op to each item of this iterator to get nested parallel iterators, producing a new parallel iterator that flattens these back into one.

fn flat_map_iter<F, SI>(self, map_op: F) -> FlatMapIter<Self, F>

where F: Fn(Self::Item) -> SI + Sync + Send, SI: IntoIterator, <SI as IntoIterator>::Item: Send,

Applies map_op to each item of this iterator to get nested serial iterators, producing a new parallel iterator that flattens these back into one.

fn reduce<OP, ID>(self, identity: ID, op: OP) -> Self::Item

where OP: Fn(Self::Item, Self::Item) -> Self::Item + Sync + Send, ID: Fn() -> Self::Item + Sync + Send,

Reduces the items in the iterator into one item using op. The argument identity should be a closure that can produce “identity” value which may be inserted into the sequence as needed to create opportunities for parallel execution. So, for example, if you are doing a summation, then identity() ought to produce something that represents the zero for your type (but consider just calling sum() in that case).

fn reduce_with<OP>(self, op: OP) -> Option<Self::Item>

where OP: Fn(Self::Item, Self::Item) -> Self::Item + Sync + Send,

Reduces the items in the iterator into one item using op. If the iterator is empty, None is returned; otherwise, Some is returned.

fn fold<T, ID, F>(self, identity: ID, fold_op: F) -> Fold<Self, ID, F>

where F: Fn(T, Self::Item) -> T + Sync + Send, ID: Fn() -> T + Sync + Send, T: Send,

Parallel fold is similar to sequential fold except that the sequence of items may be subdivided before it is folded. Consider a list of numbers like 22 3 77 89 46. If you used sequential fold to add them (fold(0, |a,b| a+b), you would wind up first adding 0 + 22, then 22 + 3, then 25 + 77, and so forth. The parallel fold works similarly except that it first breaks up your list into sublists, and hence instead of yielding up a single sum at the end, it yields up multiple sums. The number of results is nondeterministic, as is the point where the breaks occur.

fn fold_with<F, T>(self, init: T, fold_op: F) -> FoldWith<Self, T, F>

where F: Fn(T, Self::Item) -> T + Sync + Send, T: Send + Clone,

Applies fold_op to the given init value with each item of this iterator, finally producing the value for further use.

fn try_fold<T, R, ID, F>( self, identity: ID, fold_op: F, ) -> TryFold<Self, R, ID, F>

where F: Fn(T, Self::Item) -> R + Sync + Send, ID: Fn() -> T + Sync + Send, R: Try<Output = T> + Send,

Performs a fallible parallel fold.

fn try_fold_with<F, T, R>(self, init: T, fold_op: F) -> TryFoldWith<Self, R, F>

where F: Fn(T, Self::Item) -> R + Sync + Send, R: Try<Output = T> + Send, T: Clone + Send,

Performs a fallible parallel fold with a cloneable init value.

fn sum<S>(self) -> S

where S: Send + Sum<Self::Item> + Sum,

Sums up the items in the iterator.

fn product<P>(self) -> P

where P: Send + Product<Self::Item> + Product,

Multiplies all the items in the iterator.

fn min_by<F>(self, f: F) -> Option<Self::Item>

where F: Sync + Send + Fn(&Self::Item, &Self::Item) -> Ordering,

Computes the minimum of all the items in the iterator with respect to the given comparison function. If the iterator is empty, None is returned; otherwise, Some(min) is returned.

fn min_by_key<K, F>(self, f: F) -> Option<Self::Item>

where K: Ord + Send, F: Sync + Send + Fn(&Self::Item) -> K,

Computes the item that yields the minimum value for the given function. If the iterator is empty, None is returned; otherwise, Some(item) is returned.

fn max_by<F>(self, f: F) -> Option<Self::Item>

where F: Sync + Send + Fn(&Self::Item, &Self::Item) -> Ordering,

Computes the maximum of all the items in the iterator with respect to the given comparison function. If the iterator is empty, None is returned; otherwise, Some(max) is returned.

fn max_by_key<K, F>(self, f: F) -> Option<Self::Item>

where K: Ord + Send, F: Sync + Send + Fn(&Self::Item) -> K,

Computes the item that yields the maximum value for the given function. If the iterator is empty, None is returned; otherwise, Some(item) is returned.

fn chain<C>(self, chain: C) -> Chain<Self, <C as IntoParallelIterator>::Iter>

where C: IntoParallelIterator<Item = Self::Item>,

Takes two iterators and creates a new iterator over both.

fn find_any<P>(self, predicate: P) -> Option<Self::Item>

where P: Fn(&Self::Item) -> bool + Sync + Send,

Searches for some item in the parallel iterator that matches the given predicate and returns it. This operation is similar to find on sequential iterators but the item returned may not be the first one in the parallel sequence which matches, since we search the entire sequence in parallel.

fn find_first<P>(self, predicate: P) -> Option<Self::Item>

where P: Fn(&Self::Item) -> bool + Sync + Send,

Searches for the sequentially first item in the parallel iterator that matches the given predicate and returns it.

fn find_last<P>(self, predicate: P) -> Option<Self::Item>

where P: Fn(&Self::Item) -> bool + Sync + Send,

Searches for the sequentially last item in the parallel iterator that matches the given predicate and returns it.

fn find_map_any<P, R>(self, predicate: P) -> Option<R>

where P: Fn(Self::Item) -> Option<R> + Sync + Send, R: Send,

Applies the given predicate to the items in the parallel iterator and returns any non-None result of the map operation.

fn find_map_first<P, R>(self, predicate: P) -> Option<R>

where P: Fn(Self::Item) -> Option<R> + Sync + Send, R: Send,

Applies the given predicate to the items in the parallel iterator and returns the sequentially first non-None result of the map operation.

fn find_map_last<P, R>(self, predicate: P) -> Option<R>

where P: Fn(Self::Item) -> Option<R> + Sync + Send, R: Send,

Applies the given predicate to the items in the parallel iterator and returns the sequentially last non-None result of the map operation.

fn any<P>(self, predicate: P) -> bool

where P: Fn(Self::Item) -> bool + Sync + Send,

Searches for some item in the parallel iterator that matches the given predicate, and if so returns true. Once a match is found, we’ll attempt to stop process the rest of the items. Proving that there’s no match, returning false, does require visiting every item.

fn all<P>(self, predicate: P) -> bool

where P: Fn(Self::Item) -> bool + Sync + Send,

Tests that every item in the parallel iterator matches the given predicate, and if so returns true. If a counter-example is found, we’ll attempt to stop processing more items, then return false.

fn while_some<T>(self) -> WhileSome<Self>

where Self: ParallelIterator<Item = Option<T>>, T: Send,

Creates an iterator over the Some items of this iterator, halting as soon as any None is found.

fn panic_fuse(self) -> PanicFuse<Self>

Wraps an iterator with a fuse in case of panics, to halt all threads as soon as possible.

fn collect<C>(self) -> C

where C: FromParallelIterator<Self::Item>,

Creates a fresh collection containing all the elements produced by this parallel iterator.

fn unzip<A, B, FromA, FromB>(self) -> (FromA, FromB)

where Self: ParallelIterator<Item = (A, B)>, FromA: Default + Send + ParallelExtend<A>, FromB: Default + Send + ParallelExtend<B>, A: Send, B: Send,

Unzips the items of a parallel iterator into a pair of arbitrary ParallelExtend containers.

fn partition<A, B, P>(self, predicate: P) -> (A, B)

where A: Default + Send + ParallelExtend<Self::Item>, B: Default + Send + ParallelExtend<Self::Item>, P: Fn(&Self::Item) -> bool + Sync + Send,

Partitions the items of a parallel iterator into a pair of arbitrary ParallelExtend containers. Items for which the predicate returns true go into the first container, and the rest go into the second.

fn partition_map<A, B, P, L, R>(self, predicate: P) -> (A, B)

where A: Default + Send + ParallelExtend<L>, B: Default + Send + ParallelExtend<R>, P: Fn(Self::Item) -> Either<L, R> + Sync + Send, L: Send, R: Send,

Partitions and maps the items of a parallel iterator into a pair of arbitrary ParallelExtend containers. Either::Left items go into the first container, and Either::Right items go into the second.

fn take_any(self, n: usize) -> TakeAny<Self>

Creates an iterator that yields n elements from anywhere in the original iterator.

fn skip_any(self, n: usize) -> SkipAny<Self>

Creates an iterator that skips n elements from anywhere in the original iterator.

fn take_any_while<P>(self, predicate: P) -> TakeAnyWhile<Self, P>

where P: Fn(&Self::Item) -> bool + Sync + Send,

Creates an iterator that takes elements from anywhere in the original iterator until the given predicate returns false.

fn skip_any_while<P>(self, predicate: P) -> SkipAnyWhile<Self, P>

where P: Fn(&Self::Item) -> bool + Sync + Send,

Creates an iterator that skips elements from anywhere in the original iterator until the given predicate returns false.

fn collect_vec_list(self) -> LinkedList<Vec<Self::Item>>

Collects this iterator into a linked list of vectors.

impl<L, R> PartialEq for Either<L, R>

where L: PartialEq, R: PartialEq,

fn eq(&self, other: &Either<L, R>) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.

impl<L, R> PartialOrd for Either<L, R>

where L: PartialOrd, R: PartialOrd,

fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Either<L, R>) -> Option<Ordering>

This method returns an ordering between self and other values if one exists.

fn lt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests less than (for self and other) and is used by the < operator.

fn le(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests less than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the <= operator.

fn gt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests greater than (for self and other) and is used by the > operator.

fn ge(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests greater than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the >= operator.

impl<L, R> Read for Either<L, R>

where L: Read, R: Read,

Either<L, R> implements Read if both L and R do.

Requires crate feature "use_std"

fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Pull some bytes from this source into the specified buffer, returning how many bytes were read.

fn read_exact(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error>

Reads the exact number of bytes required to fill buf.

fn read_to_end(&mut self, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<usize, Error>

Reads all bytes until EOF in this source, placing them into buf.

fn read_to_string(&mut self, buf: &mut String) -> Result<usize, Error>

Reads all bytes until EOF in this source, appending them to buf.

fn read_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSliceMut<'_>]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Like read, except that it reads into a slice of buffers.

fn is_read_vectored(&self) -> bool

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (can_vector)

Determines if this Reader has an efficient read_vectored implementation.

fn read_buf(&mut self, buf: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (read_buf)

Pull some bytes from this source into the specified buffer.

fn read_buf_exact(&mut self, cursor: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (read_buf)

Reads the exact number of bytes required to fill cursor.

fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self

where Self: Sized,

Creates a “by reference” adaptor for this instance of Read.

fn bytes(self) -> Bytes<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Transforms this Read instance to an Iterator over its bytes.

fn chain<R>(self, next: R) -> Chain<Self, R>

where R: Read, Self: Sized,

Creates an adapter which will chain this stream with another.

fn take(self, limit: u64) -> Take<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an adapter which will read at most limit bytes from it.

impl<L, R> Seek for Either<L, R>

where L: Seek, R: Seek,

Either<L, R> implements Seek if both L and R do.

Requires crate feature "use_std"

fn seek(&mut self, pos: SeekFrom) -> Result<u64, Error>

Seek to an offset, in bytes, in a stream.

fn rewind(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error>

Rewind to the beginning of a stream.

fn stream_len(&mut self) -> Result<u64, Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (seek_stream_len)

Returns the length of this stream (in bytes).

fn stream_position(&mut self) -> Result<u64, Error>

Returns the current seek position from the start of the stream.

fn seek_relative(&mut self, offset: i64) -> Result<(), Error>

Seeks relative to the current position.

impl<A, B> Spanned for Either<A, B>

where A: Spanned, B: Spanned,

fn span(&self) -> Span

Get span of self.

fn span_lo(&self) -> BytePos

fn span_hi(&self) -> BytePos

impl<L, R> Write for Either<L, R>

where L: Write, R: Write,

Either<L, R> implements Write if both L and R do.

Requires crate feature "use_std"

fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Writes a buffer into this writer, returning how many bytes were written.

fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error>

Attempts to write an entire buffer into this writer.

fn write_fmt(&mut self, fmt: Arguments<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Writes a formatted string into this writer, returning any error encountered.

fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error>

Flushes this output stream, ensuring that all intermediately buffered contents reach their destination.

fn write_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Like write, except that it writes from a slice of buffers.

fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (can_vector)

Determines if this Writer has an efficient write_vectored implementation.

fn write_all_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (write_all_vectored)

Attempts to write multiple buffers into this writer.

fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self

where Self: Sized,

Creates a “by reference” adapter for this instance of Write.

impl<L, R> Copy for Either<L, R>

where L: Copy, R: Copy,

impl<L, R> Eq for Either<L, R>

where L: Eq, R: Eq,

impl<L, R> FusedIterator for Either<L, R>

where L: FusedIterator, R: FusedIterator<Item = <L as Iterator>::Item>,

impl<L, R> StructuralPartialEq for Either<L, R>